Is it cytotoxic to some cosmetic colorants?

 Fibroblasts and fibroblast-like cells (FLCs) are present in the dermis layer of the skin and gastrointestinal tract. It is attracting attention from the cosmetics industry because it plays a role in producing collagen and hyaluronic acid, which are important for keeping the skin firm and moisturized. This time, we will investigate the effects of nine synthetic and natural dyes (indigo carmine, carmine, sunset yellow, tropeoline, acid green 25, chlorophyllin, tartrazine, lysamine, and amaranth) on human foreskin fibroblasts in vitro. The test was carried out. The effect of the dye on normal human fibroblasts was investigated using the MTT assay. To investigate the cytotoxic mechanism, we evaluated the effects of dyes on the parameters of cellular oxidative stress, including lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase.

As a result, in the MTT assay, chlorophyllin showed a concentration of more than 10 μg / ml and indigo carmine showed a concentration of more than 100 μg / ml, and a significant decrease in fibroblast viability was observed. Acid Green 25 caused a significant reduction at very high concentrations (1000 and 2000 μg / ml), but no toxicity was observed. Other dyes had no significant effect on fibroblasts. A tendency to increase cell proliferation by amaranth and carmine was observed, but this tendency was not statistically significant. No significant changes were observed in lipid peroxidation or lactate dehydrogenase. Chlorophyllin significantly increased cellular ROS production. It was suggested that further research is needed on the safety of the use of indigo carmine and chlorophyllin, which are cytotoxic to human fibroblasts, in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.